California Polypody

California Polypody is a smaller, bright green fern with triangular to oval fronds. The fronds measure up to 70 centimeters (28 in) in length and 20 centimeters (7.9 in) in width. The fronds are composed of many slightly rounded, lance-shaped segments, which may be thin, leathery, or fleshy. These segments are dimpled by rows of rounded spots, formed by the spore sacs underneath the fronds.

Basic Information

• Member of the Polypodiaceae (Polypody), family

• Perennial fern

• Summer deciduous

Habitat

• Native to California south to Baja California

• Commonly found along the coastline, as well as in moist spots in the coastal foothills and mountain ranges, such as stream banks and canyons

Ecological Role

• The fronds are eaten by species such as the dusky-footed woodrat

Reproduction

• This is a non-flowering species — rather than produce flowers, this plant releases airborne spores to reproduce

• Sporulates from July to September

Historical Uses

• The Mendocino Indians used an infusion of the roots to wash out sore eyes

• The Wailaki used the root juice to treat rheumatism and sores

• The Yurok used the rhizomes (underground horizontal roots) as an ‘antibiotic’ for infections